Dyslipidemia Prevalence and Risk Factors in Al Ain: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia, defined by abnormal lipid profiles, is a key modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality globally. Although dyslipidemia prevalence is high in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), data specific to Al Ain City remain limited. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its associated risk factors among adults in Al Ain City, UAE, and to inform targeted public health strategies.

Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at Burjeel Royal Hospital, Al Ain, UAE, utilizing data collected during September - October 2023. Data from 398 adults were analyzed. Participants included outpatient clinic attendees aged ≥ 18 years, with exclusions for pregnant or lactating women and incomplete medical records.

Results: The primary outcome was dyslipidemia prevalence, defined using lipid profile abnormalities. Secondary outcomes included associations with modifiable risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and lifestyle factors. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 66.1%, with males demonstrating higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and females exhibiting higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. Significant risk factors included obesity, hypertension, diabetes, poor dietary habits, and physical inactivity. Older age groups exhibited higher dyslipidemia rates, with notable gender-specific differences in lipid profiles.

Conclusions: The findings reveal a high burden of dyslipidemia in Al Ain, driven by modifiable risk factors. Public health interventions, including lifestyle modifications and routine lipid screening, are urgently needed to mitigate cardiovascular risks. This study establishes a baseline for future regional surveillance and intervention strategies.